List of retired South Pacific tropical cyclone names

Australian Region
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale
Category Sustained
winds
Gusts
Five >107 kt
>200 km/h
>151 kt
>279 km/h
Four 86-107 kt
160-200 km/h
122-151 kt
225-279 km/h
Three 64-85 kt
118-159 km/h
90-121 kt
165-224 km/h
Two 48-63 kt
89-117 km/h
68-89 kt
125-164 km/h
One 34-47 kt
63-88 km/h
49-67 kt
91-125 km/h
Tropical
Low
<34 kt
<63 km/h
<49 kt
<91 km/h

Tropical cyclones are non-frontal, low pressure systems that develop, within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and little vertical wind shear aloft.[1] Within the South Pacific, names are assigned from a pre-determined list, to such systems, once they reach or exceed ten–minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph), near the center, by either the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Nadi, Fiji or the Tropical Cyclone Warning Center in Wellington, New Zealand.[1] Within the South Pacific tropical cyclones have been officially named since the 1964–65 South Pacific cyclone season, though a few meteorological papers show that a few tropical cyclones were named before 1964–65.[2][3][4] The names of significant tropical cyclones that cause a high amount of damage and/or cause a significant amount of deaths are retired from the lists of tropical cyclone names by the World Meteorological Organization's RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee at their bi-annual meeting.[1]

Within the South Pacific, there have been a total of 85 tropical cyclone names retired, with the 1990s, having the most amount of retired tropical cyclone names. The most intense tropical cyclone to have its name retired was Severe Tropical Cyclone Zoe which had an estimated peak pressure of 890 hPa. The deadliest tropical cyclone to have its name retired was Severe Tropical Cyclone Namu, which caused over 100 deaths, when it affected the Solomon Islands in May 1986. The most damaging system was Severe Tropical Cyclone Val which caused over US&10000000330000000000000$330 million in damage to four different countries during December 1991.

Contents

Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1970s

During the 1970s, nineteen tropical cyclone names were retired from the list of names, with the 1971–72 season having the most amount of retired tropical cyclone names. Severe Tropical Cyclone Carlotta, was the most intense tropical cyclone, during the decade with an estimated peak pressure of 940 hPa (28 inHg).

Name Dates Season Aus
Cat
10-minute sustained
peak wind speeds
Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage (US$
at the time)
Notes
Rosie December 30 – January 4 1970–71 2 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia Minor [4]
Vivienne December 17 – 19 1971–72 1 &1000000000000007500000075 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) French Polynesia
Carlotta January 8 – 26 1971–72 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia 4 Unknown [4][5]
Wendy February 29 – March 9 1971–72 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia 4 [6]
Agatha March 27 – 29 1971–72 3 &10000000000000120000000120 km/h (75 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Cook Islands
Bebe October 19 – 28 1972–73 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Kiribati, Tuvalu, Fiji 27 &10000000022500000000000$22.5 million [6][7][8]
Lottie December 5 – 12 1973–74 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga 59 [6]
Tina April 24 – 28 1973–74 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga 59 [6]
Alison March 4 – 12 1974–75 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand &10000000001000000000000$1 million [9]
Elsa January 21 – 26 1975–76 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia
Marion January 12 – 21 1976–77 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Vanuatu
Robert April 16 – 22 1976–77 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia
Bob January 31 – February 12 1977–78 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand
Charles February 14 – 28 1977–78 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Samoan Islands
Diana February 15 – 22 1977–78 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia
Fay December 27 – 31 1978–79 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji
Gordon January 4 – 12 1978–79 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia Severe
Meli March 24 – 31 1978–79 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Fiji 53 [6]
Kerry February 13 - March 6 1978-79 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Solomon Islands, Australia 2 [10][11]
[nb 1][nb 2]

Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1980s

During the 1980s twenty-one tropical cyclone names were retired from the naming lists, with both the 1986–87 and 1982–83 season having the most amount of retired tropical cyclone names. The most intense tropical cyclone during the decade was Severe Tropical Cyclone Oscar which had an estimated peak pressure of 920 hPa (27 inHg).

Name Dates Season Aus
Cat
10-minute sustained
peak wind speeds
Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damages Refs
Wally April 2 – 7 1979–80 1 &1000000000000007500000075 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Fiji 18 &10000000002260000000000$2.26 million [6]
Cliff February 8 – 15 1980–81 3 &10000000000000120000000120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia
Tahmar March 8 – 13 1980–81 3 &10000000000000120000000120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) French Polynesia
Gyan December 18 – 29 1981–82 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Vanuatu
Issac February 27 – March 5 1981–82 4 &10000000000000175000000175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Tonga 6 &10000000010000000000000$10 million [13][14]
Joti October 31 – November 7 1982–83 Category 2 Tropical Cyclone 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Vanuatu
Lisa December 10 – 18 1982–83 Category 2 Tropical Cyclone 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Cook Islands
Mark January 21 – February 1 1982–83 3 150 km/h 90 mph 955 hPa 28.20 inHg Fiji
Oscar February 26 – March 6 1982–83 5 &10000000000000205000000205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Fiji 9 &10000000130000000000000$130 million [15]
Veena April 8 – 14 1982–83 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 955 hPa 28.20 inHg French Polynesia
Eric January 14 – 20 1984–85 3 150 km/h 90 mph 955 hPa 28.20 inHg Fiji 27 &10000000068000000000000$68 million [15]
Ima February 5 – 16 1985–86 4 &10000000000000165000000165 km/h (105 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Cook Islands
Namu May 16 – 22 1985–86 3 150 km/h 90 mph 955 hPa 28.20 inHg Solomon Islands 111 &10000000010000000000000$10 million [16]
Raja December 21 – January 5 1986–87 3 &10000000000000150000000150 km/h (95 mph) Wallis and Futuna, Fiji 2 &10000000014000000000000$14 million [6][17]
Sally December 26 – January 5 1986–87 3 150 km/h 90 mph 955 hPa 28.20 inHg Cook Islands, Austral Islands &10000000024561005000000$24.6 million [18]
Tusi January 13 – 21 1986–87 3 150 km/h 90 mph 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Tokelau, Samoan Islands, Cook Islands None [19]
Uma February 4 – 8 1986–87 4 &10000000000000165000000165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Vanuatu 50 &10000000150000000000000$150 million [4][20]
Anne January 5 – 14 1987–88 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia
Bola February 24 – March 4 1987–88 4 &10000000000000165000000165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji, New Zealand 3 &10000000082000000000000$82 million [21]
Harry February 8 – 23 1988–89 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) New Caledonia
Lili April 7 – 11 1988–89 3 &10000000000000150000000150 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa 28.20 inHg
[nb 1][nb 2]

Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1990s

During the 1990s twenty-six tropical cyclones names were retired from the naming lists, with the 1997–98 season having the most amount of retired tropical cyclone names. The most intense tropical cyclones during the decade were Severe Tropical Cyclones Ron and Susan which had an estimated peak pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg). Severe Tropical Cyclone Val was the most damaging system, which caused about $250 million (1992 USD) in damage to four different countries during December 1991. The deadliest tropical cyclone was Severe Tropical Cyclone Martin which caused 28 deaths when it affected the Cook Islands in October and November 1997. Despite being retired the name Joni, was later reused during the 2008–09 season.

Name Dates Season Aus
Cat
10-minute sustained
peak wind speeds
Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damages
(USD)
Refs
Ofa January 30 – February 10 1989–90 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga
Samoan Islands
8 &10000000166000000000000$166 million [13][22][23]
Peni February 12 – 18 1989–90 3 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Cook Islands
Sina November 20 – December 4 1990–91 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Fiji, Tonga, Niue, Cook Islands None &10000000018500000000000$18.5 million [13][24][25]
Tia November 13 – 21 1991–92 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu 0 Severe [26]
Val December 4 – 17 1991–92 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Tuvalu, American Samoa
Western Samoa, Cook Islands
16 &10000000330000000000000$330 million [26][27]
Wasa December 4 – 18 1991–92 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) French Polynesia 2
Betsy January 4 – 15 1991–92 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Vanuatu 2 &10000000002000000000000$2 million [4][28]
Esau February 24 – March 7 1991–92 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Vanuatu
Fran March 4 – 17 1991–92 5 &10000000000000205000000205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Wallis and Futuna, Vanuatu
New Caledonia, New Zealand
Eastern Australia, Fiji
Joni December 5 – 14 1992–93 4 &10000000000000165000000165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji &10000000001600000000000$1.6 million [17]
Kina December 26 – January 6 1992–93 3 &10000000000000150000000150 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Fiji, Tonga 26 &10000000110000000000000$110 million [13][17][25]
Prema March 26 – April 6 1992–93 4 165 km/h 105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia &10000000060000000000000$60 million [29]
Rewa December 26 – January 23 1993–94 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa, (27.17 inHg) Solomon Islands, New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu
Eastern Australia, New Zealand
22 Unknown
William December 30 – January 5 1994–95 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.80 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia None &10000000002500000000000$2.5 million [30]
Beti March 21 – April 2 1995–96 4 165 km/h 105 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Eastern Australia, Vanuatu
New Caledonia, New Zealand
2 &10000000005600000000000$5.6 million [31][32]
Drena January 3 – 10 1996–97 4 165 km/h 105 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) New Caledonia [33]
Gavin March 3 – 12 1996–97 4 &10000000000000185000000185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji &10000000018300000000000$18.3 million [17][31][33]
Hina March 13 – 18 1996–97 3 &10000000000000110000000110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.80 inHg) Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Tonga &10000000075200000000000$75.2 million [13][17][31][33]
Keli June 7 – 17 1996–97 3 150 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Tuvulu, Wallis and Futuna, Tonga 0 &10000000000010000000000$10 thousand [34]
Martin October 27 – November 5 1997–98 3 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia 28 [35][36]
Osea November 24 – 28 1997–98 3 150 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia None [35]
Ron January 2 – 8 1997–98 5 230 km/h (140 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Tokelau, Tonga, Niue None &10000000000566499000000$566 thousand [13][31][35]
Susan January 2 – 9 1997–98 5 230 km/h (140 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji 1 minor [35]
Tui January 25 – 27 1997–98 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.25 inHg) Samoan Islands 1 &10000000001000000000000$1 million [31][35]
Ursula January 30 – February 1 1997–98 2 &10000000000000110000000110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.80 inHg) French Polynesia None Minor [35]
Veli February 1 – 3 1997–98 2 &10000000000000100000000100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia None Minor [35]
Alan April 17 – April 25 1997–98 2 75 km/h (45 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia 8 [35]
Cora December 23 – 28 1998–99 3 &10000000000000140000000140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Tonga 0 &10000000012000000000000$12 million [13][37]
Dani January 15 – 22 1998–99 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji 14 &10000000002000000000000$2 million [31][37][38]
Frank February 18 – 21 1998–99 3 150 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) New Caledonia [37]
[nb 1][nb 2]

Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 2000s

During the 2000s, 20 names of significant tropical cyclones were retired from the tropical cyclone list of names. Four names were retired after both the 2002–03 and 2004–05 seasons while the 2009-10 season had five names retired. No names were retired from the naming lists, after the 2005-06 and 2008-09 seasons. During the decade, Severe Tropical Cyclone Zoe of 2002-03 became the most intense tropical cyclone to have its name retired having reached an estimated peak pressure of 890 hPa (26.28 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone to have its name retired during the decade was Severe Tropical Cyclone Ami which caused 17 deaths when it affected Fiji in January 2003, while the most damaging system was Severe Tropical Cyclone Heta which caused over US$225 million in damage to 7 different nations over the new year of 2003–04.

Name Dates Season Aus
Cat
10-minute sustained
peak wind speeds
Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damages(US$
at the time)
Notes and
References
Kim February 23 – 29 1999-00 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) French Polynesia None Minimal [39][40]
Paula February 26 – March 4 2000–01 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga 2 &10000000001390000000000$1.39 million [31][41]
Sose April 5 – 11 2000–01 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia 4 [41]
Trina November 29 – December 3 2001–02 1 65 km/h 40 mph 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Cook Islands 0 &10000000000052000000000$52 thousand [42][43]
Waka December 19 – January 2 2001–02 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Wallis and Futuna, Tonga 1 &10000000051300000000000$51.3 million [13][31][42]
Zoe December 23 – January 1 2002–03 5 240 km/h (150 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu None Severe [44]
Ami January 9 – 15 2002–03 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji, Tonga 17 &10000000065000000000000$65 million [31][44][45]
Beni January 25 – February 5 2002–03 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia 1 &10000000001000000000000$1 million [31][44]
Cilla January 27 – 29 2002–03 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Tonga [44]
Heta December 25 – January 8 2003–04 5 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Samoan islands, Niue, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna 3 &10000000225000000000000$225 million [6][31][46][47]
Ivy February 21 – March 2 2003–04 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Vanuatu 2 &10000000004347074000000$4.35 million [31][46][48]
Meena February 1 – 8 2004–05 5 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Cook Islands None Severe [49]
Nancy February 10 – 17 2004–05 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Cook Islands None Severe [49]
Olaf February 10 – 20 2004–05 5 230 km/h (140 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Samoan islands, Cook Islands 9 &10000000010210000000000$10.2 million [6][49][50][51][52]
Percy February 24 – March 5 2004–05 5 230 km/h (140 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Tokelau, Samoan islands, Cook islands &10000000000052000000000$52 thousand [49][53]
Cliff April 1 – 6 2006–07 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa 28.94 inHg Fiji, Tonga 1 &10000000004000000000000$4 million [54]
Daman December 2 – 10 2007–08 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Fiji, Tonga None &10000000000330000000000$330 thousand [54]
Funa January 14 – 21 2007–08 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Vanuatu None Severe [54]
Gene January 25 – February 9 2007–08 3 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Fiji 6 &10000000035000000000000$35 million [54]
Mick December 3 – 15 2009-10 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Fiji 2 &10000000022000000000000$22 million [55]
[nb 1][nb 2]

Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 2010s

At the start of the 2010s, four names were retired: Oli, Pat, Tomas and Ului. Collectively, the storms killed at least 6 people and caused at least $200 million worth of damage.

Name Dates Season Aus
Cat
10-minute sustained
peak wind speeds
Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damages (US$
at the time)
Notes and
References
Oli January 29 – February 7 2009-10 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Samoan Islands, Cook Islands, French Polynesia 1 &10000000070000000000000$70 million
Pat February 6 – 11 2009–10 3 &10000000000000155000000155 km/h (95 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Cook Islands 2 Severe
Tomas March 9 – 17 2009–10 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Wallis and Futuna, Fiji 3 &10000000045000000000000$45 million
Ului March 9 – 21 2009–10 5 &10000000000000215000000215 km/h (135 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Australia 1 &10000000072000000000000$72 million [56]
[nb 1]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Reference for names retired and season.[1]
  2. ^ a b c d Reference for tropical cyclone dates, season, windspeeds and pressure between 1969-70 and 2005-06.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Unattributed (2011-05-23). "Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean" (PDF). RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee. World Meteorological Organization. http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/TCP-24_RAVOpPlan_2010.pdf. Retrieved 2011-05-23. 
  2. ^ Terry, James P. (2007). "3.4". Tropical cyclones: climatology and impacts in the South Pacific. Springer. pp. 30–31. ISBN 978-0-387-71542-1. http://books.google.com/?id=syqPSpliRCwC&printsec=frontcover&q. 
  3. ^ Callaghan, Jeff (2004-08-12). "Tropical Cyclone Impacts along the Australian east coast from November to April 1858–2000" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. Australian Severe Weather. http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/impacts-eastcoast.pdf. Retrieved 2010-03-05. 
  4. ^ a b c d e Unattributed (2010-03-13). "Tropical cyclones in Vanuatu: 1847 to 1994". Vanuatu Meteorological Service. Pacific Disaster Net. http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/VUT_TC_1847_1994.pdf. Retrieved 2010-03-13. 
  5. ^ Australian Associated Press (1972-01-13). "21 safe after 17-hour drift on raft". The Sydney Morning Herald: p. 2. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4VEVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cOUDAAAAIBAJ&dq=cyclone%20carlotta&pg=2179%2C3678154. Retrieved 2010-08-04. 
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database". Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. Université Catholique de Louvain. 2012-03-12. http://www.emdat.be/disaster-list. Retrieved 2012-03-12. 
  7. ^ Thompson, Bette (1974). "Pago Pago's Friends for Fiji". The Rotarian (Rotary International) 124 (May 1974): 40. http://books.google.com/?id=GTQEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA40&dq=hurricane%20bebe&pg=PA40#v=onepage&q=hurricane%20bebe&f=false. Retrieved 2010-12-10. 
  8. ^ Unattributed (2010-03-14). "It's officially a hurricane". Fiji Times. http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=142193. Retrieved 2010-11-14. 
  9. ^ Bell, D. H. (1976). "High intensity rainstorms and geological hazards: Cyclone Alison, March 1975, Kaikoura, New Zealand". Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology (Springer) 13 (1): 189–200. doi:10.1007/BF02634795. ISSN 1435-9529. http://www.springerlink.com/content/28542314g4675617/. Retrieved 2010-12-11. 
  10. ^ Unattributed (2010). "Severe Tropical Cyclone Kerry". Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/kerry79.shtml. Retrieved 2011-03-24. 
  11. ^ Unattributed (2008-09-17). "Event Information: Tropical Cyclone Kerry (Solomon Islands)". Pacific Disaster.Net. http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdn2008/ExportPdfServlet?header=Event%20Information&sql=Select%20*%20From%20Event%20Where%20Id=481&photo=. Retrieved 2011-06-13. 
  12. ^ Unattributed (2009-05-22). "TCWC Wellington Best Track Data 1967–2006". Fiji Meteorological Service, Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited, Bureau of Meteorology. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. ftp://eclipse.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/ibtracs/original-bt-data-files/wellington/TC_BT_1967_2006.xls. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h Terry, James P. (2007). Tropical cyclones: Climatology and impacts in the South Pacific. Springer. p. 52. ISBN 0387715428, 9780387715421. http://books.google.com/?id=syqPSpliRCwC&printsec=frontcover&q. 
  14. ^ Woodroffe, Colin D. (1983). "The Impact of Cyclone Isaac on the Coast of Tonga". Pacific Science (University of Hawaii) 37 (3): 181–210. ISSN 00030-8870. hdl:10125/675. 
  15. ^ a b Costello, D. (1986-12-30). "Fiji prepares for worst as cyclone heads for coast". Courier-Mail. 
  16. ^ "Solomon Islands Cyclone Namu May 1986 UNDRO Situation Reports 1–8". United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs. ReliefWeb. 1986-05-21. http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/ACOS-64CLZE?OpenDocument. Retrieved 2009-08-07. 
  17. ^ a b c d e Laisenia, Tui (2010-07-03). "Disaster Risk Management Risk — Fiji". Fiji National Disaster Management Office. Sentinel Asia. https://sentinel.tksc.jaxa.jp/announce/2010/08/03/SECRisis0001201008030001/SA2JPTM3/NDMO%20PRESENTATION.pdf. Retrieved 2011-07-01. 
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